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113 年 113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試

比較教育

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本卷皆為申論題，點「看答案與解析」查看擬答。

申論 1比較教育學者Holmes, B.、Epstein, E.與Mitter, W.等人皆曾引用「典範」（paradigm）的概念，說明比較教育研究的典範轉移。試就比較教育自二次世界大戰以來典範轉移的狀況，分析其轉移的內容以及與自然科學典範轉移不同之處。（25 分）
申論 2經濟合作發展組織（Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment，OECD）於2015 年啟動《2030 未來教育與技能（Future ofEducation and Skills 2030）》計畫。該計畫第一階段提出學習羅盤2030（Learning Compass 2030）作為學習架構之用。請說明學習羅盤2030 的觀點、內容以及對於臺灣教育的啟發。（25 分）
申論 3下圖是自OECD 資料中擷取的畫面，由上而下依序是新加坡、俄羅斯、韓國、加拿大與日本有關25～34 歲，55～65 歲兩族群的資料。右方欄位是人口中擁有高等教育學歷的比例，左方欄位是沒有後期中等教育階段學歷比例。請就此資料，說明五國就讀後期中等教育與高等教育人口的變化。（25 分）
申論 4二次世界大戰之前大多數東南亞國家為被殖民國家，獨立之後其教育發展仍可看見殖民時期的影響。下圖為東南亞國家中某國的學制圖，請依此圖指出殖民此國的帝國，並說明兩項殖民帝國對其教育制度的影響。（25 分）UniversitiesWorkplace(3-4 years for undergraduates)GCE 'A' Level/PolytechnicsAlternative QualificationsOther Qualifications(3 years)(Diploma)IntegratedJunior Colleges/Institute ofSpecialisedPrivately-SpecialProgrammeCentralisedTechnicalIndependentfundedEducationcombinesInstituteEducationSchools withSchoolsSchoolsSecondary and(2-3 years)(1-2 years)specialiseddetermineprovideJC education(GCE 'A' level)(Nitec/programmestheir ownEITHERwithout anHigher Nitec)to developcurriculumMainstreamintermediatestudents’and providecurriculumnationaltalents inmore optionswithexaminationspecific areasfor Singaporeprogrammes(4-6 years)Direct Admission to JCs/Polytechnics(4-6 years)studentscatering tos and polytechnics have autonomy in admitting(4-6 years)students’some studentsspecial needsORCustomisedspecialGCE 'O' Leveleducationcurriculum(4-6 years)sec 5N (A)GCE 'N' LevelSecondary1Secondary1Secondary1VocationalExpressNormalNormalCourseCourse(Academic)(Technical)(1-4 years)(4 years)CourseCourse[N(A)][N(T)](5 years)(4 years)Government/Specialised SchoolsSpecialisedPrivately-fundedSpecialGovernment-aided SchoolsIndependent SchoolsSchoolsEducation•Mainstream schools For students who•Autonomous Schools with enhanced can benefit from aniche programmesmore customisedFor studentsProvide moreFor students with•Independent Schools with greater and practice-basedwith talents inoptions forspecial needsautonomy in programmes and operationscurriculumspecific areasSingapore studentsDirect Admission to Secondary SchoolsSpecialised Independent Schools andIndependent Schools, Autonomous Schools,Privately-funded Schools have fullmainstream schools with niches of excellence , andautonomy in student admissionschools offering the Integrated Programme haveautonomy in admission of some of their studentsPrimary School Leaving Examination (PSLE)Primary Schools (6 years)All students follow a broad-based mainstream curriculum. Some schools offerniche programmes such as in aesthetics, sports and gifted education.資料來源：UNESCO IBE