申論 1馬兜鈴酸之一的馬兜鈴酸甲（AAI）之結構如下：㈠列舉二種含馬兜鈴酸類成分之中藥。（6 分）㈡為何含馬兜鈴酸類成分之中藥被行政院衛生署公告禁用？（6 分）
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申論 2Ginsenoside Rg及Ginsenoside Rb之結構如下：㈠此二成分含於何植物科別及何種藥材中？（6 分）㈡本結構在化學分類上屬於何種類別（如indole alkaloid）？（4 分）㈢此二成分在酸水解去醣基後之產物之分子式分別為CHO及CHO，則其化學結構各為何？（10 分）㈣此二成分之分析宜利用何種層析技術及檢示器？（12 分）
申論 3生合成Morphine 之部分途徑示於下圖：(R) 9試寫出I 至III 之反應機轉（含參與之酵素）。（12 分）101年公務人員高等考試三級考試試題 代號：37140類 科： 藥事科 目： 藥物分析與生藥學（包括中藥學）
申論 4下列九個類黃酮化合物（1 至9）係分離自菲律賓楠（Machilus philippinensis），其分離方法/步驟如下：The EtOH extract (160 g) of the dried leaves of M. philippinensis (774 g) was partitionedinto fractions soluble in CHCl (38.30 g), EtOAc (10.51 g), n-BuOH (31.02 g) and HO(74.12 g) by a liquid-liquid partitioning process. Part of the EtOAc-soluble fraction (6.03 gout of 10.51 g) was fractionated on a Sephadex LH-20 column (815 × 35 mm, MeOH) togive six fractions (E1~6). An aliquot of fraction E2 (45.0 mg out of 500.7 mg) was separatedby a semi-preparative RP-18 HPLC column (Phenomenex® Prodigy ODS-3, 250 × 10 mm,5 μm), each run 5.0 mg, delivered by 16% MeCN in HO for 30 min, to 25% MeCN in 40 minby a linear gradient mode, and then MeCN for 15 min, with a flow rate of 2.5 mL/min anddetection at 300 nm. After nine runs, the fractions containing pure compounds were evaporatedunder reduced pressure to give 3 (2.9 mg, t = 21.39 min), 4 (10.0 mg, t = 22.61 min), 6RR(7.3 mg, t = 30.86 min), 7 (4.8 mg, t= 36.36 min), and 9 (1.9 mg, t = 42.33 min),RR Rrespectively. An aliquot of fraction E3 (273.8 mg out of 1.20 g) was separated on a Lobar(low-pressure) RP-18 column (LiChroprep RP-18, size B, 310 × 25 mm; 40-63 μm, Merck),delivered by a stepwise gradient of MeOH―HO from 30:70 to 100:0, to give sixsubfractions (E3-1~6). Fractions E3-3 (24.7 mg) and -5 (2.0 mg) were pure 5 and 8,respectively. An aliquot of fraction E6 (201.0 mg out of 756.0 mg) was separated on the sameLobar RP-18 column, delivered by a stepwise gradient of MeOH―HO from 35:65 to 85:15,to give five subfractions (E6-1~5). Fractions E6-2 (14.4 mg) and -4 (2.3 mg) were pure 1 and2, respectively.㈠以上圖右之方式表達化合物1 至9 之分離流程。（10 分）㈡試由分離之結果簡述所使用的層析法之分離原理與特性。（16 分）
申論 5Eugenol 之結構如下：㈠此成分含於何植物科別及何種生藥材中？（6 分）㈡此成分之1H NMR在芳香氫區（aromatic proton region）與烯氫區（olefinic protonregion）呈現那些訊號（含偶合及偶合常數之分析）？（12 分）MeO3OHEugenol