Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
Which of the following can best describe the tone of this passage?
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more41to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence42to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to43that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes44identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other45not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
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正確答案：(A) 解析：空格所在句為「it might be too straightforward to ___ that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency」，語意上表示「直接假定前者（素食）透過營養缺乏導致後者（憂鬱）可能過於簡化」。assume 意為「假定、認為」，最符合上下文。本題為英文閱讀測驗，無涉法律條文。 各選項：
(A) assume 意為「假定」，符合句意，正確。
(B) perform 意為「執行、表現」，語意不通。
(C) execute 意為「執行、實施」，語意不通。
(D) transform 意為「轉變」，語意不通。 出處：英文閱讀測驗—上下文語意判斷 難度：易
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
According to the passage, how often are the guide dogs evaluated on the second stage of the training?
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正確答案：(A) 解析：文章末段指出，在第二階段訓練中，導盲犬會由專業人員定期評估，並持續監控其進步情形。原文使用「The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.」其中「continuously monitored」表示持續不斷地監控，與選項(A)「Constantly」意思相符。本題為英文閱讀理解，不涉及法規。 各選項：
(A) 正確，Constantly 對應原文 continuously monitored，表示持續評估。
(B) 錯誤，Sporadically 指偶發、零星的，與原文持續監控不符。
(C) 錯誤，Casually 指隨意、非正式的，與原文定期且持續的評估不符。
(D) 錯誤，Occasionally 指偶爾，與原文持續監控不符。 出處：英文閱讀理解—導盲犬訓練 難度：易
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
According to the passage, which of the following best describes the nature of the first-stage training?
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正確答案：(A) 解析：文章描述第一階段訓練時提到，幼犬在志工家中接受約一年的訓練，接觸不同的人、聲音、情境與場所，並指出「They’re exposed to a fun and unique training」，其中 unique 與 exceptional（獨特、特殊的）意思相近，故(A)最能描述此階段訓練的性質。本題為英文閱讀測驗，不涉及法規。 各選項：
(A) 正確，exceptional 與文中 unique 意思相近，指訓練獨特而特殊。
(B) 錯誤，incredulous 意為「難以置信的、懷疑的」，與文意不符。
(C) 錯誤，apprehensive 意為「憂慮的、恐懼的」，與文意不符。
(D) 錯誤，malicious 意為「惡意的」，與文意不符。 出處：英文閱讀測驗—字彙與文意理解 難度：易